Title: Quantitative and qualitative improvement of rice grain in paddy field through phosphorus and zinc management strategies
Author: Shahram MahmoudSoltani
Abstract:
The effect of zinc and phosphorus foliar application on morphological characters, grain yield, and yield components, and grain quality of rice (Hashemi (local) and Guilaneh (improved) cultivar)
Phosphorus (P) is the second most important macronutrient and zinc (Zn) is the most important micronutrient that their deficiencies are the most important global nutrient disorder in the world paddy fields. The current field study was conducted to explain the effect of Zn and P foliar application on Zn and P content of rice tissues, and more broadly, grains bio-fortification (Zn and protein content). The three factors factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with three replications in 2017-2018. The results of analysis of variance indicated that all the applied treatments and their interactions significantly influenced the morphological, yield, and yield components, Zn, and protein contents of rice grains. The results revealed that the foliar application of Zn and P, one week before flowering and grain filling stages increased total tiller number (6.20%), fertile tiller number (8.24%), panicle length in Hashemi (7%) and Guilaneh (12.94%) cultivars, filled and unfertile grain number of Guilaneh (35.23- 6.40%) and Hashemi (40-35%) cultivars. Also, the foliar application of Zn and P (singly) increased the grain yield by about 7 and 11.10%, respectively, and their application one week before flowering and grain filling stages increased the biological yield of Hashemi and Guilaneh cultivars about 19.22 and 25.98%, respectively. The highest content of grain Zn and protein content were recorded one week before flowering and grain filling stages foliar application of Zn about 27 and 11 present, respectively. It can be concluded that the foliar application of Zn and P, one week before flowering and grain filling stages might enhance the studied rice cultivars’ yield and yield component and grain quality.
Effect of foliar application on zinc and phosphorous dynamic, bio-fortification, and grain protein content of two rice cultivars (Hashemi and Guilaneh)
Phosphorus (P) is the second macronutrient and zinc (Zn) is the most important micronutrient that their deficiencies are the most important global nutrient disorders in the world paddy fields. The current field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Zn and P foliar application on Zn and P content of rice tissues and grains bio-fortification (Zn and protein content). The three factors factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with three replications in 2017-2018. The results of the analysis of variance indicated that all the applied treatments and their interactions significantly influenced the Zn and P content of rice tissues, Zn, and protein contents of rice grains. The zinc content of leaves and panicle increased about three and two times at flowering and ripening stages, respectively. The highest content of grain Zn in Hashemi and Guilaneh cultivars was recorded by foliar application of Zn at one week before flowering and grain filling stages about 39.06 mg kg-1(27.11% more than control) and 35.37 mgkg-1(27.37 % more than control ), respectively. Also, the highest content of grain protein in Hashemi and Guilaneh cultivars with no significant difference was recorded by foliar application of Zn at one week before flowering and grain filling stages about 11% (32.37% more than control) and 10.67% (38.21 % more than control ), respectively. The studied cultivars have been similarly responded to applied treatments. It can be concluded that the foliar application of Zn at one week before flowering and grain filling stages might be a quick and proper solution to enhance grain Zn and protein content.
The effects of Zinc and phosphorous foliar application on the morphological character, yield, and yield components of the most common Iranian rice variety (Hashemi)
Phosphorus (P) is the second vital macronutrient and zinc (Zn) is the most important micronutrient that their deficiencies cause serious global nutrient disorders in the world paddy fields. The current field study was conducted to explain the effect of Zn and P foliar application on the morphological characters, and more broadly, rice yield and yield components. The two factors factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with three replications in 2017-2018. The results of the analysis of variance indicated that almost all of the applied treatments were significantly influenced the most morphological characters, yield, and yield components. The results also revealed that the foliar application of Zn and P at one week before the flowering and grain filling stages increased the fertile tiller number (14.5%), panicle length (20%), filled and unfertile grain number (23 and 13%). Also, the foliar application of Zn and P (singly) increased the grain yield by about 11.6 and 6.98%, respectively. The straw and biological yield of Hashemi was increased by Zn and P foliar application about 10.41, 7.19, and 9.5 and 7.34%, respectively.
The effect of zinc and phosphorus foliar application on morphological characters, grain yield, and yield components of rice varieties (Hashemi (local) and Shiroodi (improved))
Phosphorus (P) is the second most important macronutrient and zinc (Zn) is the most important micronutrient that their deficiency is the most important global nutrient disorder in the world paddy fields. The current field study was conducted to explain the effect of Zn and P foliar application on the morphological characters, yield, and yield components of two rice varieties (Hashemi and Shirioodi). The three factors factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with three replications at the rice research institute of Iran (Deputy of Amol) in 2017-2018. The results indicated that the highest increase and the increasing percentage through the applied treatments (Zn and P foliar application at the start of the booting and (or) the ripening stages increased the traits of Hashemi and Shirioodi cultivars as follows: grain yield, 4020 (17.5%) and 6571 (9%) kg ha-1; biological yield, 9884 (16%) and 12640 (20%); harvest index, 45 (8%) and 54 20) present; filled grain number, and 114 (10) and 156 (6%). Also, the maximum reduction and the reduction percentage of unfilled grain numbers in the Hashemi and Shiroodi varieties were: 5 (10%) and 14(40%), respectively. It can be concluded that the foliar application of Zn and P at the start of the booting and the grain filling stages might be the proper treatment to enhance the studied rice cultivars’ yield and yield component.
Keywords: Local cultivars, Improved cultivars, Foliar Spray, Zinc, Phosphorus
Contact: shmsoltani@gmail.com